The Senate of the Galactic Republic is run by the Supreme Chancellor of the Republic. The senate is housed in the rotunda senate building on the Republic Capital of Coruscant. The Senate is made up of tens of thousands of Representatives from every sector, system, or planet that is loyal to the Galactic Republic. Some of the more notable Senators are Bail Organa, Padme Amidala, and before he became the Chancellor, Sheev Palpatine. The Senate would debate on all of the normal things on every docket like whether more clone troopers were needed to combat the rise of the Confederation of Independent Systems led by the fallen Jedi Count Dooku, and on other topics like intergalactic trade. Throughout the Clone Wars Chancellor Palpatine siphoned more and more power by deceiving the Senators until finally he revealed himself as the secret Sith Lord and destroyed the Jedi Order through Order 66, and then took complete control of the Senate and the galaxy.
During the 30 year reign of the Empire the Senate didn’t do much other then what the Emperor ordered them to do. Most Senators were to afraid to come up with their own ideas and bills because they were to afraid of what the Emperor would do to them if he thought it undermined him.
After the Empire fell the Republic was reformed and the Senate was good and whole again. It was mostly back to normal, but the Senate failed to label the First Order as a real threat and shortly after using Star Killer Base the First Order destroyed the Republic home world and the senate in the process.
Star Wars 